Counseling and Ethical Standards

Core Assessment Jessica Ferguson PS 206 Introduction to Guidance and Counseling Abstract This core assessment will be my understanding of the concepts that I have learned in this course. I will define and give examples about the different therapy techniques that I have learned about. I will show that I can adequately explain that I am knowledgeable in my understanding of confidentiality and ethics in counseling. 1. (a) Empathic understanding is when a therapist correctly understands the client’s thoughts, feelings and meanings from the client’s point of view.When the therapist is able to look at the clients point of view it tells the client that his/or her point has value and the client feels accepted. Example: Client: I don’t know why my husband wants to come to therapy now; we have never been able to communicate. It doesn’t bother me anymore. I’ve accepted it, I wish he could. Therapist: Coning to therapy now doesn’t make much sense to you. Maybe you used to have feeling about your lack of communication with your husband, but it sound like you feel pretty numb about the whole situation now. b) Unconditional positive regard is when a client is able to talk about their thoughts and feelings without having to do anything in particular to earn the therapists understanding. This is done when the therapist accepts the client unconditionally and does not pass judgment. (c)Transference is when a client projects feelings or attitudes from the past onto the therapist.Example: When a female client begins to treat her female therapist with disdain and begins to close off from therapy because the female therapist reminds her of her mother that was overbearing and mean to her. d) Anxiety is a feeling that people experience in many different ways. Some people may feel nervous, anxious, and fearful. Most of the time anxiety is normal and a good part of our ability to deal with the world. However, anxiety can become a problem for some people if it becomes excessive and begins to interfere with our daily lives. Example: Normal anxiety would be if someone had a big project due at work and the good anxiety may push us to prepare more before you present your project. An xample of excessive anxiety is when a woman has to fly on an airplane and she begins to get extremely nervous and sick to her stomach and she begins to feel dizzy. She does not get on the plane because she had experienced excessive anxiety. (e) Projection is when a client blames other people for their actions. Example: Sandy is holding an expensive glass vase and Joe is trying to get his jacket on, in the meantime, Sandy drops the vase and screams at Joe, â€Å"See what you made me do! I dropped the vase because you were taking too long to put on your coat.Sandy blamed Joe for dropping the vase. (f) Irrational beliefs. As we develop we form beliefs about ourselves, others and the world. Most of the time our beliefs are truthful, healthy, and rationa l. However, through events and unfortunate circumstances we begin to develop false, unhealthy, and irrational beliefs about ourselves, others and the world. Example: A client that thinks that she has to be perfect in every way to please everyone and if she is not perfect in every way then no one will love her. 2. (a). Behavior therapy and person-centered therapyBehavior therapy believes that our behaviors are learned and that we are products of our environment. The client and therapist both take a very active role in learning more desired behaviors. Person- centered therapy believes that the client is their own best authority and they are capable of fulfilling their won potential for growth with minimal direction from the therapist. The behavior therapist will set goals, treatment plans and expected outcomes up front and does not believe that the therapist has to be overly warm with the client.A person-centered therapist will allow the client to decide what their own goals and treat ment plan will be and also believes that it is an important part of therapy to have the therapist is as open and warm as possible. Person –centered therapy places more emphasis on the client’s expressing and experiencing their feelings. Behavior therapy believes that people have to learn new behaviors. (b). Family and Psychoanalytic therapy Family therapy focuses on the fact that we are part of a family and that we each play a role in each other lives.Change happens with in relationships in the family not just one person. Family therapy is usually brief. The psychoanalytic approach focuses only on one person and change occurs within their own personality. Psychoanalytic approach can take several years to complete. The family therapist has to be able to listen and not pass judgment on any of the family members; the therapist must be open, honest and warm with everyone in the group. The psychoanalytic therapist does not believe that you should share any personal experien ces or their reaction with their clients.They believe that they should listen and analyze. 3. Part 1 (a). It is highly unethical to pursue a romantic relationship with a client during therapy. It is the therapist’s ethical duty to help the client with his or her problems not to add to them. Corey (2009), states that becoming emotionally or sexually involved with a current client is unethical, unprofessional, and illegal. As to a former client, a romantic relationship is unethical because the therapist already knows very personally and intimate details of the client’s life and the therapist could use that to their advantage.Part 2 (a). Confidentiality in counseling is very important in gaining trust from the client. The client needs to know that what they are discussing in therapy does not leave the room. But the client needs to know that confidentially does not mean keeping secrets. The client should know that confidentially may be broken if they client is going to har m themselves or someone else. The therapist needs to be discussing the fact that confidentially has boundaries and the client has to understand what those boundaries are before counseling begins.The counselor should provide written information on important aspects of therapy at the beginning of counseling, such as what the boundaries of confidentiality are, payments, complaints, ect†¦ Part 2 (b) â€Å"Duty to warn† would be necessary if I had a client that was 14 years old and she disclosed to me that her step-father had been touching her sexually. I would have a duty to warn the proper authorities because she is a minor. The ethical issue involved would be that I would have to break confidentiality of my patient by disclosing to outside person’s what we iscussed. Another example of duty to warn would be if I had a client that told me that he hated his co-workers and that he was going to shoot them. I would have to break confidentiality by contacting the authoriti es and letting them know that this person was a serious threat to others. Part 2 (c) Ethical standards are important in counseling because there has to be a professional standard for appropriate behavior, professional expectations and preventing harm to clients.When you are a profession where the therapist and clients relationship is built on trust, the therapist should engage in conduct that is safe and non-threatening to the client, so that the client can get the emotional and psychological healing that they deserve. 4. I could apply REBT therapy to my life because this therapy is very direct and challenges you to do something rather than just sitting and talking about problems. I have a problem saying no to people. I feel that I should help everyone when I am asked and if I just have to say no I feel very shameful and guilt ridden.I think that REBT’s method of disputing my irrational beliefs would help me. It could help me learn to ask myself, â€Å"Why must I say yes all of the time? and â€Å"what is the worst thing that could happen if I say no?. I also think that REBT’s method of doing homework would help me too. It could help me to put myself in situations where I would have to say no. And REBT’s shame attacking exercise would also help me. I feel very shameful when I have to say no to someone. This method would have me to do things that I would feel shameful dong and by doing those things the feelings of shame would eventually disappear or not be such a big deal anymore.I would also benefit from Gestalt therapy. I think that this therapy could benefit me by helping me to ask for help and to give me more awareness of myself. I have a huge problem asking anyone for help. I think that the empty chair technique would assist me to be able to tell my mother that I needed help when I was younger but I did not want to ask her for it because I did not want to bother her because she was always so busy. I would also use the rehearsal techn ique. The rehearsal technique would help me by giving me practice saying out loud that I need help. 5. a) Low self-esteem – I think that behavioral cognitive therapy would be the best method for low self-esteem. CBT helps a person to diminish negative beliefs about themselves; it helps the person to establish and strengthen more positive beliefs, and encourages the person to learn how to accept themselves for who they are. Some of the techniques used in CBT that would be helpful for a person with low self-esteem. One technique would be trying to direct the client to more positive strengths and qualities, the client would have to write down everyday what their positive qualities are.Another technique would be to have the client to look at the past and present to find out what or who is helping the client to support negative beliefs about themselves. Another technique would to be to have the client to re-evaluate their dysfunctional assumptions about themselves and begin to for mulate new more realistic alternatives. I think that the psychoanalytic approach may not work the best for someone with low self-esteem because it focuses mainly on the person’s past and does not really focus on present situations.A person with low self-esteem may need a therapist that is accepting and warm, the psychoanalytic therapist does not believe that the client should be treated with very much warmth. And this approach can be a very long process. (b). Phobias – Behavior therapy would be the best approach for a person with a phobia. Behavior therapy focuses on, â€Å"observable behaviors, current determinates of behavior, learning experiences that promote change, tailoring treatment strategies to individual treatment and change the problem† (Corey, 2009).Some of the methods that the behavior therapist would use with a client with a phobia would be exposure therapies. Exposure therapies are for helping client to treat their phobias and the bad responses to those phobias. The therapist would try In vivo exposure with the client, by exposing the client to their actual phobia. The therapist could also use flooding. The therapist could have the client to imagine the phobia or have the client to experience the phobia for an extended period of time allowing for the fear to diminish on its own.I think that the least effective therapy for a person with a phobia would be person-centered therapy. Person – centered therapy focuses on the person, not their phobia. A person with a phobia wants to get rid of it, not just talk about it. (c) Marital problems would best be worked on through family systems therapy. Family systems therapy believes that we can be understood when we can be observed with our families. Its focus is on each person, but it also focuses on how each person interacts with one another. I would use structural- strategic family therapy.This method helps to reduce problems and set boundaries and helps to define power and con trol. I think that psychoanalytic therapy may not work well with marital problems because this therapy is based too much on a person’s past and early development. The couple may want to focus on the present and get their problems solved quickly. 6. Three counseling and guidance models. Gestalt therapy emphasizes awareness and personal responsibility and it adopts a holistic approach giving equal awareness to mind and body. It also believes that the client should not focus in the past or the future but on the present.Gestalt therapy believes that we have unfinished business. Unfinished business is what happens when you have feelings that are left unresolved. Those unresolved feelings show up later in present day life causing emotional upheaval. Gestalt therapy does not believe that there a specific methods to therapy that should be followed. The gestalt therapist may use experiments in the course to therapy. One of the exercises is the rehearsal exercise. This allows the clien t to rehearse what their feelings are. Another exercise would be the internal dialogue exercise.This exercise allows the client to express out load what they have been telling only themselves. Adlerian therapy believes that people posses an innate tendency toward completions or wholeness and that people strive for superiority to compensate for feelings of inferiority. It also believes that people have the ability to freely shape their own behavior and personality. It believes that humans have their own unique style of life that include a person’s goals, self-concepts, feelings for others and attitude toward the world.Adlerian therapy has several techniques that it employs during therapy. One technique is the life style assessment, which allows the therapist to identify what needs to be worked on during therapy and to identify successes and mistakes in the client’s life. The adlerian therapist also uses encouragement as a powerful technique in therapy. Encouragement is used to build a relationship and to help facilitate client change. A therapist may also use role playing, this gives the client an opportunity to add missing experience into their lives and to explore and practice new behaviors.The psychoanalytic approach believes that all behavior and mental processes reflect constant and often unconscious struggles within people. These usually involve conflicts between our need to satisfy basic biological instincts, for example, for food, sex or aggression. The psychoanalytic therapist may use techniques such as free association where the client says anything that comes to mind. And dream analysis to find links in the client’s thoughts and behaviors and then interpret the dreams in terms of the client’s problems.References Corey,G. (2009). Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy. (8th. Edition). Belmont,CA.

Analysis of Language Essay

â€Å"Keyed in† published by Internet blogger Voxi is a persuasive article regarding the technological boom being experienced by not only today’s youth but by society in general. Published on May 23, 2009 on website Ctrl Alt â€Å"Keyed in† Voxi, contends that society and its members should herald the implementation of new technology and welcome it with open arms, contrasting the internet with great historical discoveries such as Darwinism and the reorganisation of the cosmos. The title itself has a double meaning, the first and most obvious of which is the literal keyboard associated with technology and the second refers to those who are keyed in to an ever-changing society and willing to move with it as opposed to be left behind. The article begins with a non-confrontational tone however throughout Voxi begins to show a more compelling tone. Accompanying Voxi’s article is a picture of a human head withholding a microchip that projects multiple layers, th e main point of this is to make the reader think about how technology has been embedded into the core of society and implemented into every layer of the world today. Voxi’s contention is pro digital technology and is this is strategically withheld until the 5th paragraph so that readers will read on, curious of the writers contention Voxi continuously simplifies and exemplifies his arguments through metaphoric language, allowing for readers to fully comprehend his opinion whilst addressing the additional attention required. By contrasting people who embrace technology with â€Å"the grit [of] an oyster†, readers are initially made to regard individuals who accept change as stubborn, unwanted members of society. However Voxi diverts this analogy, positively presenting these â€Å"gritty people† by explaining how oysters â€Å"produce pearls†. Readers are allowed to distinguish the relationship between the beauty of pearls, with the accomplishments of those who wish to make â€Å"things better†, evoking gratitude towards these individuals who â€Å"ask questions†. Through the inclusion of television series â€Å"The Inventors†, Voxi aims his opinion piece towards those who enjoy witnessing the progression of technology into exciting ventures. By correlating the â€Å"gritt y people† with individuals who eventually enter the show, Voxi aspires to present readers with members of  society who wish to improve quality of life. As readers witness the potential benefits of change in their lives, they feel inclined to accept the alterations in all forms, including technology. Voxi introduces readers to the concept of beneficial change prior to his contention of digital technology being a great opportunity for humanity, as a way of creating susceptibility within readers towards accepting alterations in life. The writer promotes the â€Å"digital revolution† through a quick succession of psychological benefits, in that humans will â€Å"solve the riddles of the universe, find cures faster [and] find ways of preserving the planet†. By presenting a promising future, readers are encouraged to embrace such hope and reject the â€Å"boundaries of darkness†. Through using the comical term â€Å"homo supersapien†, Voxi introduces readers to a more relaxed aspect of his opinion piece, using a less eccentric tone to formulate the possibility of an advanced race of humans. The writer further explains how this superior human species will be capable of â€Å"ending war and violence†, exciting readers to the prospect of world peace. By expressing an aspect of world culture wished by all members of society, Voxi instruments his argument to appeal to reader’s humanity. However Voxi also notes to include the flaws in his argument, through the inclusion of a podcast which consist of the negative attributes associated with technology, such as â€Å"the digital world is a world†¦where nothing has meaning†. The podcast itself is efficient through repetitive language in â€Å"a world†¦Ã¢â‚¬  so as to emphasise the significance of technology on society. By demonstrating that he is unbiased towards the subject, the writer positions readers to be more accepting of his contention as they are exposed to both aspects of the debate, and so are allowed to establish an opinion on the issue themselves. By revealing both facets of the dilemma, Voxi gains readers trust as they are not mislead or withheld from information. The fear of privacy invasion is also addressed, in that Voxi offers relatively simple solutions to an initially complex problem. As a major concern in the development of technology is privacy issues, Voxi explains how â€Å"you can protest† and â€Å"get them removed† if worried. By confronting the  issue and proposing an answer reader’s trust in the writer is reinforced, as he has for the second time confronted a flaw in his argument. Voxi capitalises on this technique by proceeding to include the rhetorical question, â€Å"why wouldn’t you want it in your life?†, so as to impose a one-directional response from readers who proceed to feel pressured to comply with the writer’s contention. Voxi repeats this methodology when addressing the concerns of older readers, when he asks â€Å"What’s there to be afraid of?†. By yielding no obvious response, these individuals are inclined to consider Voxi’s answer and consequently accept it. The writer alters the form of writing to be more personal, by noting that â€Å"hot air balloons are always†¦looking into my windows too†. This is so as to subdue reader concerns for safety in light of technological advancements, by reminding them that he too is an ordinary member of society. By expressing his contempt attitude towards the risk involved with â€Å"digital revolution†, concerned readers are comforted and are less inclined to oppose the writer. Voxi later described individuals who reject technology as â€Å"losers†, implementing a direct attack on people who oppose his contention. Such action is done so as to direct readers to feel part of the majority, playing on the instinctual desire of humans to belong. The strategic placement of this assault at the conclusion of the opinion piece, infers that this last technique is aimed towards readers who are yet to comply with the writer’s argument. Through both inclusive and attacking language, the writer evokes compliance from readers, by allowing them to relate to him and feel pressured to accept the contention. By including flaws the writer gains reader support as they are not mislead and denied information, further reinforcing the argument that the â€Å"digital revolution† should be embraced, and without it you won’t be â€Å"in touch and connected†.

Comparing Numeracy Theorists

There are several theorists that link to mathematical development; their views are very distinct as to how mathematical understanding develops. One theorist that is linked to this development is Jean Piaget, in his research he discovered that children’s thoughts develop through taking in information. His researches also lead him to believe that children learn in stages according to an estimated age range. These stages are as follows: * Sensori-Motor – age 0-2 years (using senses) Pre-Operational – age 2-7 years (using symbols and language) * Concrete Operational – age 7-12 years (logical thought) * Formal Operational – age 12+ years (abstract thought) He also devised the concept of schemas for children to develop, for example some children relate to the rotation schema where they learn by rotating things such as turning taps on and off, watching the wheels on toy cars and stirring water and other resources in a circular motion.Another example of a s chema is transporting, these children will enjoy moving object around the room in different ways for example moving blocks from one side of the room to the other in a bag. Another theorist linking to mathematical development is Jerome Bruner, he believed that children learned by doing and then reimagining what they have done by drawing, writing and copying symbols such as numbers.Bruner believed that children in stages, these stages are as follows: * Enactive – age 0-1 – learning through doing physical movements * Iconic – age 1-7 – developing mental images * Symbolic age 7+ using symbols such as language to transfer thoughts He believed that a child is prone to learning and there are certain procedures for the child to follow for cognitive process.

HUMAN RESOURCE (HR) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

HUMAN RESOURCE (HR) - Assignment Example Performance management on the other hand covers the strategies put in place by companies to evaluate the performance of their employees. It is important to note that regular evaluation of employees is a vital strategy that ensures any deviation from the company policies is noted and the necessary steps undertaken. This paper critically analyzes the role of strategic management approach to human resource management as well as performance management. Strategic management approach to human resource management According to Armstrong and Long (1994) universal access concentrates on the best practices directed on the main four objectives of the management policies that should be met so as to get the expected organizational result.Similarly,universalistic approach assumes that there exist some best management practices which if put into practice will result to the best performance by the organization. Bannister and Bennett (1995) further argues that first the manager must conduct a personne l selection based on a test so as to determine their potential to have positive contribution to an organization. Further they argue that recognition of training to be an activity that is continuous is another strategic role to human resource management. ... made a formulation which includes low-cost leadership in which his aim was to increase organizations share in the market by embracing the lowest cost per unit and price in comparison to the competitors.On the other hand, differentiation strategy stipulates that managers show a discrepancy in their products and services in relation to those of their competitors found in the industry. This makes it possible for customers to be willing to pay an extra coin. Deery and Walsh (1990) supported the four models relating to strategic orientation. Defenders according to him are companies which have a product line that is limited and where the management strives to improve the existing operations efficiency. Prospectus have considerably product lines that are broad and their main focus is innovation of products and opportunities in market.Analysers operate under markets that has two unrelated products, one stable while the other is variable. In this case, senior managers put emphasis on efficien cy in areas that are stable and innovation in variable areas.Finally; reactors are those companies which do not have consistent structure, culture and strategy relationship. In this orientation, responses from senior management to changes in the environment and pressures seem to be strategic adjustments that are piecemeal. The role of strategic management approach to human resource management as stipulated by Moore business school is initiating mentoring programme aimed at making new employees be at into par with the rest relating to policies or any project in progress. A company must assess, coach or train employees to help them work better. Companies that invest in their employees produce high quality products. Strategic human resource management makes the work of the manager to be

The Iliad by Homer and The Aeneid by Virgil Essay

The Iliad by Homer and The Aeneid by Virgil - Essay Example Honor takes on different roles within each book. In The Iliad, Greek hero Achilles is ruled by personal honor. The concept is used in an individualistic manner. Achilles strives forth in his heroic efforts to be remembered throughout the ages. In Book IX, Odysseus tells Achilles that he can achieve personal honor and glory by saving the Achaians. Honor in The Aeneid is not individualistic. The Roman hero Aeneas is bound in honor to his duties of state and to the people. His exploits are done for his countrymen and for the Republic. In Book II, he recounts their tale to Dido, although reluctantly. Aeneas describes their story as a "sad remembrance" and that "I will restrain my tears and briefly tell, What in our last and fatal night befell" (26). In Book XII of The Aeneid, Aeneas displays honor by agreeing to single combat to save the lives of many. Aeneas fights Turnus, in hopes of ending the battle and returning peace to the Latins and Laurentum. Aeneas will also win the hand of Lavinia in marriage. Aeneas wounds Turnus, then slays him. Thus the war meets its end and the epic therefore ends. In Book XXII of The Iliad, Achilles instance of honor is quite different. Achilles fights in single combat against Hektor. Hektor is not a willing participant and only agrees after he is promised assistance from Athena. Achilles casts his spear first but misses. Hektor hits the center of Achilles shield with his spear. Achilles wins by stabbing Hektor in the throat. After dragging the dead body behind a horse for 9 days, he is humbled by Hektor's parents pleas. He returns the body, with thoughts of his own father on his mind. Honorable intentions have impacted the lives of many in these epic stories. Fate has a hand in affecting events as well. Fate in these stories involves two parts. There are laws that govern mens lives: human mortality and the afterlife. It is believed that there is a period of limbo in which the souls of the recently deceased pass through if left unburied. Another part of fate is the view that the outcome of certain events cannot be changed by man or God(s). In The Aeneid, Aeneas' journey is predestined and unalterable to Italy. The unification of the Trojans and the Latins is another predestined event, causing the formation of a new race. Human mortality and the afterlife are shown when Aeneas is taken to Hades to visit his father. In Book VI, Aeneas sees Deiphobus who is not as he was in life: "Whose face and limbs were one continued wound: Dishonest, with lopp'd arms, the youth appears, Spoil'd of his nose, and shorten'd of his ears" (135). In The Iliad, there is an unalterable predestined occurrence. Hekuba has a dream and foretells of the fall of Troy. In this dream, her son Paris will be the cause. Achilles is also predestined to die during the Trojan war, since he is mortal. His death was delayed somewhat by the fact that his mother dipped him in the river Styx. Human mortality and the afterlife are exemplified when Patroclos' spirit returns. In Book XXIII, he reminds Achilles that until he is buried he must wander the earth. This happenstance also supports the concept of the period of limbo souls await if left unburied. With fate often times comes strife. For Greeks, life is based on strife. If strife was avoided, then life was avoided. For Romans, strife is part of fulfilling a destiny. The trials test a leader, who himself does not often see the

The Equation of Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Equation of Change - Essay Example This can also be considered as the number of times that the currency is spent on finished products and services per year. PQ is the nominal GDP of the country (the level of price (P) times the physical amount of products and services (Q). Economists believe that changes in the supply of money especially improper monetary policy are the most significant factors that cause macroeconomic stability. Importance of the stability or lack thereof, of the velocity of money directly relates to the control of the money supply (Thomas, 2005). If the velocity was always constant, then the money supply would be the single determinant of the level of national GDP spending. No policy instrument other than the central bank’s control would be needed to accurately control GDP spending. If the velocity fluctuates in a completely unpredictable manner, then Fed Reserve-engineering changes in M would have no predictable consequence on GDP spending. The control of the money supply would be a totally ineffective method of influencing GDP. To the degree that velocity is random the influence of FED reserve money supply control on GDP spending and general economic activity is compromised. If the velocity is random but is independent of the money supply and is relatively stable and subject to acceptable good prediction, then FED policy of controlling the money supply is greatly effective way of i nfluencing GDP spending. Question two The structure of the Federal Reserve System Federal Reserve Banks: There are twelve Federal Reserve Banks from the Federal Reserve Districts. Each bank is a legally separate corporation owned by the commercial banks in its districts. The directors of individual banks recommend the allocation of discount rate which is then endorsed by the Board of Directors. These directors also select one banker from each district to serve the Federal Advisory Council. Other functions include clearing checks, help regulating banks, withdrawing damaged currency from circulation and replacing it with new ones as well as acting between local business communities. Member Banks: These are commercial banks that hold stock in the Federal Reserve Banks; commercial banks chartered by the Federal Government; and state banks chartered by state governments. Their major function is to hold reserves as deposits or vault cash at the Federal Reserve Banks. Board of Governors: c onsist of seven members appointed by the president and led by the chairman. All governors must come from different states and are voting members of the FOMC. They set reserve requirements, set bank regulations and select recommendations to set the discount rate. The board has authority over certain regulations unrelated to fiscal policy but have significant impacts on the monetary system. Federal Open Market Committee: The committee consists of the members of the Board of Governors, president of the New York Fed, and presidents from four other Reserve Banks. The major function of FOMC is to make decisions concerning the conduct of open market operations and hence controls the monetary base. The committee has the key responsibility of formulating monetary policy. Federal Advisory Council: comprises of the twelve representatives of the banking system. The council advices and consults with the Board of Governors on all issues within the board control. The Reserve Banks selects one repr esentative from the district who normally serves for a term of three

Development of a marketing plan in relation to a product, my choice of Essay

Development of a marketing plan in relation to a product, my choice of comany is Nissan the Automobile company - Essay Example Basically, information presented on this report are useful in terms of enabling the company sell this product based on its target consumers’ specific needs and wants. Table of Contents Executive Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2 Table of Contents †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 1.0 Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 2.0 Main Purpose and Marketing Research Objectives †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 3.0 External Marketing Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 3.1 Environmental Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 3.1.1 Political Factors †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 3.1.2 Economic Factors †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.. 5 3.1.3 Social or Socio-demographic Factors †¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 5 3.1.4 Technological Factors ..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 3.2 Competition Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 3.3 Target Customer Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 4.0 SWOT Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. ... 8 5.0 Marketing Programme †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 5.1 Product †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 5.2 Branding †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 5.3 Promotion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 5.4 Pricing †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 5.5 Distribution †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10 6.0 Implementation Schedule †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 10 7.0 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 Appendix I – PEST Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 12 Appendix II – SWOT Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 13 References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦ 14 – 17 Bibliography †¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 18 – 21 1.0 Introduction In preparation for the upcoming 2013, Nissan Z-sports car made a dramatic come back to the market with its 370Z (Star Motoring 2012). To enable the company increase its ability to sell this particular sports car model, a marketing plan will be presented on behalf of the company. 2.0 Main Purpose and Marketing Research Objectives The main purpose of this marketing research plan is to enable the company increase its total net revenue by up to 10% over the next 6 months after 370Z is sold in the market. The main marketing research objective is to apply different marketing theories in the case of Nissan. In response to the main purpose of this study, the following research

White Noise (by Don DeLillo) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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IT Resources (Outsource or Insource) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

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War on Terrorism Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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Team Ground Rules and Guidelines Essay Example for Free

Team Ground Rules and Guidelines Essay Members should be on time with assignments and responsibilities agreed to. If they are not going to be on time, post a message ASAP stating late or absent. They should check the Learning Team Forum every day for questions and late/absent notices. Lastly, communicate when you are having trouble or struggling and need assistance. Expectations for Time Management and Involvement (Participation, communication with the team, accessibility, etc) Communicate, communicate, communicate! If you will be absent or out a particular day of that week communicate on Monday of each week when you will be out. If a member is struggling or needs assistance, ask right away. Always check the learning team ‘A’ forum everyday to see if there are questions or help needed. I think we need to step-up a team secretary\admin posting sections, assignments, and updates, etc. If no one volunteers, I will be happy to do it. What to do if a team member cannot be reached or isn’t participating to the satisfaction of the team? Again, communication is key. If we do not here from a member by Wednesday 6pm on their contributions each week, we divvy up the sections that need a volunteer. A time line and due dates should be set for each task. If someone has misses a deadline then a message is posted and we finalize the missing assignment. Also, a message is posted to professor Rita Solomon-Moore, as she should be our corporate boss and he needs to know when a member is slacking so credit is assigned appropriately. Special Considerations What do you, as a team, agree will make this team experience different from past team experiences. I have only been a member of 2 previous teams now which was a horrid experience in the first team because we went from 4 assigned members to two actual participating members and I felt I pulled most of the weight on the team of 2. So, it was not a team, but just a group of members. The 2nd team was better, but didn’t follow our charter. I hope that this team builds on the definition of a team – â€Å"a group of people organized to work together†. Communication is key allowing a group of people to work together. So, if there is no communication from a member for 3 consecutive days within the Learning Team A forum, we send a note to that member. If there is no response for a day, we notify the professor.

Gold Marilyn Monroe Andy Warhol

Gold Marilyn Monroe Andy Warhol The colors used are outstanding whereby he used gold color to form the background and surrounds of the face. I love the way Warhol used the colors to give and outstanding piece of art. The face is the only image on the massive canvas platform (611 ÂÂ ¼ X 57 (211.4 x 144.7 cm)). Warhol Canvas, Silkscreen ink are the main materials used in the painting. Warhol painted the image on the canvas to bring out an actual sensation or display of Marilyn Monroe; a goddess of sensuality. The most extraordinary feature of Andy Warhols legendary painting of Marilyn Monroes face is how he forms his version of her. The face of Marilyn Monroe is very familiar and almost everyone knows how she looks like. Warhol succeeded wholly in conceptualizing a famous face and recreating it as par his own fashion. Such a piece of work is exceptional and for generations it will make the basis for upcoming painters. The Gold Marilyn Monroe painting is a religious painting. Her face is depicted as a religious icon relating to the Christian history. The painter exhibited her as a matyr, someone who is adored or worshiped just like Mary mother of Jesus Christ. The gold Marilyn painting undermines the peculiarity between image and reality. The painting exists on its own simulacrum. The gold Marilyn is an exclusive sign among many; a symbol spotting and mirroring other signs in a non-ending motion. . The wise use of colors represents the life that Marilyn led in public. For in stance, she led a glamorous life spiced with parties, celebrities and wealth. There are many symbols in the painting for instance, the whole picture is a sex symbol. Colors have been used cleverly by the artist to produce and display different meanings and symbols. The golden background is a symbol of lavish life that was led by Marilyn Monroe in relation to the Niagara movie in 1953 where she was the main character and the impact she left back on Hollywood and America at large as a star. The bright yellow golden color was used to represent her blonde hair. This symbolizes a beautiful lady that every guy will want to be with and a woman that all young ladies would like to associate themselves with. The art work or the painting was drawn during the age of popular music, hence it a pop art painting. Warhol had an in drive to paint pictures of popular music celebrities. During 1962, pop music and dance were prevalent and hence they made the basis for the societal culture. The Gold Marilyn Monroe portrait is one of the pop art pictures painted by Warhol. The Gold Marilyn glorifies the popular culture and also from the critiques point of view it gives a notion of consumer culture that emerged in the US after World War II. The gold Marilyn Monroe painting; to the creator it represents a Hollywood star that is adored by everyone. The artist wanted viewers of the painting to have understood that celebrities lead an expensive and lavish lifestyle. In general Warhol reflected the obsession that the society has for a celebrity. This is clearly portrayed by the expensive use of golden colors on a silkscreen; using the golden color as the background and only drawing a face at the centre of the big canvas clearly shows that Monroe was a public icon The picture has a religious or spiritual context given that the picture was created just a few months after the death of Marilyn Monroe. She committed suicide; a mysterious circumstance. Personal life of Marilyn Monroe and her ultimate death made the painting more powerful and emotionally appealing to the public. The public was fascinated on the look of the painting and connected with it given that the portrayed resembled Monroe herself in the Niagara movie. She was an icon to many and Warhol displayed her at her best, young and beautiful. The picture gave the public an emotional attachment to the deceased Monroe. Death had snatched away one that they identified themselves with. Warhol as an artist used exceptional techniques that had never been explored in the world at large. He used a collective combination of photography and painting to come up with a glamorous image using bright abstract colors. The silkscreened face image of a young and beautiful lady on a huge mass of a canvas was magnificently painted. In this section I am going to describe the use of each color, lines, and shades as used in the painting. Warhol used golden brown color to form the background of the picture. The background is painted darkly and uniformly on the peripheries. Towards the center the color is much lighter compared to the outwards or sideways. At the center a much dork brown color is used forming a protruding rectangular platform that holds the actual face image. This technique makes the womans gaze to focus directly on the observer of the picture. The painter also used golden yellow color, forming curly lines on the head of the picture to represent the beautiful and lovely hair of Marilyn Monroe. To right of the image, Warhol used brighter yellow color to give an impression that there was light coming from this side. To the left of left of the head; the golden yellow color is mixed with black color to give us a feeling of a shadow cast by head blocking the light that is coming from the right-hand side. Consequently, Warhol used pink color to represent the face and the neck of the woman in the picture. The right cheek is more lightly compared to the left one. This implies that the light is coming from the right side of the picture. The black color has also been used appropriately to represent different shadows in the picture. For instance, the black color below the chin gives us a natural sensation that we cannot see fully under the chin of a person when we look or view him/her from the frontal perspective. Nevertheless, the eyebrows have also been painted black by the artist to give us an actual sensation of a natural human being. The eyelashes are also painted black. Furthermore, below the nose, black color represents the voids that are found exactly below a natural human nose when he or she is exposed to light. The artist wisely used maroon color paint the lips thus giving the picture a real and natural color of human lips with maroon lip-steak. The white color between the lips of the woman in the picture represents white teeth, giving us an impression that the woman was smiling. The green color just below the left cheek has been used to show us that the woman in the picture was wearing a green garment tied at the back. The artist also employed the use of lines in the painting to present different aspects of his work. In reference to the picture; straight lines have been used to for a rectangular piece at the center forming the frame in which the actual image is drawn. The total picture fits proportionally in this rectangular frame. He also used softly wavy or curl lines on the head to represent the rough texture of an individuals hair. The mixture of these curly lines and golden yellow color completely implies that this is real hair. The rounded curve like lines was used by the artist to represent eyebrows and eyelashes. He also employed the use of soft rounded lines to make up the nose of the picture. The top lip was drawn rather painted with a thin line while the lower lip is full as it is painted with a thick line. It is impressive and remarkable how the artist used light in the painting. To be more specific the use of light is the one that brings out the beauty and elegance of the whole image. The image is illuminated from the right hand side; this side is brightly painted. The voids on the picture, for example where the light does not reach, the artist used black color to bring out the actual sensation. The hair on the right part of the head is painted brightly with bight golden yellow color while the hair on the left side of the head is painted with dark golden yellow color. This is clear evidence that the light is coming from the right side of the picture while the shadow is on the left side. The space in the picture, in my own opinion, Warhol did not maximally use the provided space. The image could have been painted to fill up the space available. He only used a fraction of the whole platform, only drawing a small face of a woman at the center of the massive canvas. Warhol cleverly combined his colors in the image to come up with an outstanding painting. He is well organized throughout his work. He achieved his mandate, and I call upon all upcoming artists to learn and emulate his fantastic piece of art. The main point that Warhol wanted observers of Gold Marilyn Monroe painting was that she was beautiful and a sex symbol to the society. He managed to achieve this brilliant theme by ingeniously using a combination of colors and lines to create a picture the glues an observer at a glance. The artist wanted to remind his audience about the lavish and expensive lifestyle that Marilyn Monroe led while she was alive. The joyful mood that she used to have on several occasions especially in Niagara movie was completely revealed in the picture. Her smiles in the painting justify this analogy. The only technique that Warhol used that am subjective with is the way he used space and some colors in the painting. The painting is more complex towards the center where he concentrates the whole picture in a small portion of space at the center. Secondly, the color used to represent the hair and the face is in contrast with the natural color of the face and hair of a human being. The whole aspect of the image is great and good and in fact I recommend anyone who is interested in pop art to take gold Marilyn Monroe painting as the basis of his or her interest. I liked everything about the image at a glance, as the picture itself is appealing and beautiful. The only contrast is the use of pink and yellow color s to represent the face and hair respectively. The big lesson I learned from this particular piece of art is that one can use different colors to create an image that has a natural impact. Good thoughts always culminate into tremendous quality work especially in painting. You can capture many people, funs and credible clients with every beautiful work that you produce. It is amazing how this work of art has taught me; good work can be admired a very long period of time. Good thoughts always culminate into tremendous quality work especially in painting; you can capture many funs and credible clients for the beautiful work you produce. Conclusion: What connections do you see between the subject matter and techniques the artist has used? What mood does the artist after? HOw successful was the artist in expressing or interpreting that mood? What was your subjective reaction to the work? How well did you like it or not and why? What did you learn from this particular piece of art and experience? The most extraordinary aspect to Andy Warhols famous painting of Marilyn Monroes face is how he forms his own version of her. Marilyn Monroes face is very recognizable, and almost everyone knows what she looks like. Warhol succeeds in taking a famous face, and recreating it according to his own style. The first thing I see when I look at this painting is large areas of colors. I see a green background, bright yellow hair, a pink face, green eye shadow, yellow eyes, red lips, a green mole, and a red area that appears to be her shirt. The second thing I see when I look at the poster again is black. I see black shading in the hair and around the face, black shading that creates the eyes, eyebrows and nose, black shading in the lips, and a black mole inside the green one. Another thing I notice about this painting is how it gets smaller and more complex in the middle. The green background is large and has almost no detail to it. Then the large area of yellow hair has black shading that gives it movement and dimension. Next, the eyes, nose, and mouth are created within the pink heart-shaped face. Warhol uses black shading to create the eyebrows and eyes. He gives Marilyn green eye shadow and paints yellow in her inner eye. Her eyelids and eyelashes are thick, as if she is wearing black eyeliner and mascara. Her little nose is also created with black shading, and her mole consists of a black dot with a larger green dot imperfectly surrounding it. Her lips are full and seductive, and it looks as though Warhol outlined and colored her lips in with red paint, and then proceeded to shade them inside with black. He also shades a lot along the left side of her face, into her red blouse. I notice how Warhol balances these two opposites, color and black, perhaps to highlight the two facets of Marilyns life. The colors that he uses are not true to form, but it works regardless. No one really has hair that yellow, a face that pink, or lips that red. Also, it seems rare to wear green eye shadow that bright or have yellow eyes. The effect of this exaggeration of colors is that it makes Marilyn look cartoon-like, and almost not real. This represents Marilyns public life. Externally, Marilyn led a glamorous life full of parties, celebrities, and wealth, but that was fake and overdone, just like the colors. Internally, however, her personal life was full of scandal, deceit, and heartache. This private side of Marilyn Monroe is evident through the black that forms her eyes. Though her lips do give off a sexy feeling, the shading and detailing around her eyes tell a deeper story. She looks sad and hurt, as if she is yearning for someone to help her. It is quite impressive how Warhol manages to accomplish that without losing his signature pop art style of bright colors and animated images. The message that I get from this piece is that nothing is ever what it seems. Warhol uses vivid colors and dark shading to emphasize this idea. The large areas of color symbolize a happy exterior. Things may seem to be wonderful and great on the outside, but when given a deeper look, everything has some black on the inside

Force Measurment System Based On Strain Gauges Engineering Essay

Force Measurment System Based On Strain Gauges Engineering Essay In this part there will be a use of a strain gauge device which experiences a change of electric resistance when it is strained. Design, build and test a force sensor using strain gauges are provided, as well as development of the appropriate combination of strain gauges with other electrical components to obtain an electric voltage or current representing tensile, compressive or bending strain, together with means of displaying and/or recording its value, is a strain gauge system. Tasks Design and build a strain gauge based force sensor based on a cantilever design or otherwise. Build an appropriate VI that can be used to carry out all tests on the sensor. Experimentally evaluation of the output/force transfer functions of the sensor. Include linearity, hysteresis, sensitivity, accuracy and repeatability in the evaluation. Calculation the expected theoretical output values of the sensor and compression them with the experimental results obtained above. Investigate the effect of temperature on the accuracy of the sensor. Based on this investigation suggest a temperature compensation scheme to improve the performance of the sensor. Build an appropriate VI that takes the output of the sensor and display the result in appropriate units. Part I Explain how the AC Power (wattmeter) measurement is carried out at NPL. Draw a block diagram of the measurement system used. You should include the sources of uncertainties in your discussion. Volts, Amps, Watts, VARs and Power Factor are essential fundamental quantities which must be measured accurately in order to optimize the control and delivery of electric power. Definition of electrical power At a given moment, when a current i travels from generator G to receiver Rin the direction defined by the voltage v delivered by the generator (figure 1), the instantaneous power supplied to the receiver R is equal to product v.i. Figure Generator Receiver If the voltage and current are DC, the mean power V.I is equal to the instantaneous power V.I. If the voltage and current are sinusoidal AC, there is generally a phase shift à Ã¢â‚¬   between the voltage and the current (figure 2). The instantaneous values of voltage v and current (I) have the form: v = Vmax cos à Ã¢â‚¬ °t i = Imax cos (à Ã¢â‚¬ °t à Ã¢â‚¬  ) Where à Ã¢â‚¬ °, the pulse, is proportional to the frequency F (à Ã¢â‚¬ ° = 2à Ã¢â€š ¬F). Figure phase shift between the voltage and the current The instantaneous power has a value of: Vmax . Imax . cos à Ã¢â‚¬ ° . cos (à Ã¢â‚¬ °t à Ã¢â‚¬  ). You must take the average value of this product during a period to obtain the expression of the power provided by generator G to receiver R. This power is called the active power and is expressed by the formula: The wattmeter provide the expression of this product, either by causing a deviation of the pointer in the case of a device with an electrodynamics moving coil, or by supplying a DC current or a voltage proportional to the product in the case of electronic wattcmeters; this current or this voltage is then applied to an analogue or digital display. The existence of a phase shift à Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ between the current and the voltage leads, for AC currents, to the introduction of 3 additional quantities: à ¢-   The apparent power S = Veff . Ieff, in VA (volt-amperes), defining the voltage Veff not to be exceeded (insulator breakdown, increase in core loss) and the intensity Ieff circulating in the receivers. à ¢-   The power factor: When the current and voltage are sinusoidal quantities: à ¢-   The reactive power Q = Veff . Ieff . sin à Ã¢â‚¬ ¢, in rva (reactive volt-amperes). The latter may be directly measured by a wattmeter if for voltage Vmax . cos à Ã¢â‚¬ °t we substitute a phase-shifted voltage of à Ã¢â€š ¬/2, i.e. Vmax x cos (à Ã¢â‚¬ °t à Ã¢â€š ¬/2). The mean product measured will be Vmax . Imax . cos (à Ã¢â‚¬ °t à Ã¢â€š ¬/2) x cos (à Ã¢â‚¬ °t à Ã¢â‚¬ ¢) which is expressed by: Vmax. Imax Q = cos (à Ã¢â€š ¬/2 à Ã¢â‚¬ ¢) = Veff . Ieff . à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ sin à Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ 2 Knowing P and Q, we can calculate the apparent power and the power factor: Apparent power: S = à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡P2+Q2 Power factor: PF = P/S = P/à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡P2+Q2 Knowing the parameters defined above: active power, reactive power, apparent power, power factor, is fundamental in electrical engineering and enables accurate calculation of the characteristics of the equipment used: yield, load, cos à Ã¢â‚¬ ¢, utilization limits. The wattcmeters used for these measurements are classified in three major families: electrodynamics and electronic. Digital Sampling Watt Meter In NPL the digital sampling AC wattcmeters, which are used for calibration work, each require the generation of sample timing pulses suitably locked to the frequency of the AC which is to be measured. Repetitive waveforms representing the instantaneous test voltage and test current are digitised at equal intervals of time harmonically related to the period of the waveforms. A new NPL standard wattmeter calibrator incorporates improved sample timing generation. It uses a crystal digital oscillator to govern both the sample timing and the AC source frequency. This avoids reliance on timing interpolation uniformity within an input period; only digital frequency dividers are needed. Alternatively, commercial frequency synthesizers can be used, with a common master frequency, to give sampling and signal frequencies. Either alternative allows digital phase control, and reduces the use of special-purpose precision analogue electronics. AC power wattmeter and voltmeters: Figure AC Power Measurement by sampling Power measuring at NPL is based on a digital sampling technique. This works by using a pair of analogue to digital converter (ADC) to take instantaneous samples of the respective voltage and current waveforms involved in measuring by multiplying the specimen pairs, the instantaneous power can be established and by averaging instantaneous over a defined interval the average power of that interval can be arranged. Figure Sampling Wattmeter This technique relies on the execution of the ADC in terms of its exactness and its ability to take samples at well-defined instant in time. To meet these requirements NPL has developed an ADC system based on the fastest shape of ADC, known as a blaze converter. Unfortunately, these devices are of circumscribed resolution and to overcome this limitation they are included in configuration that uses a Digital to Analogue Converter (ADC). This organized whole makes employ the repetitive properties of the waveforms of attention where single round is extremely like to the following round. Figure Phantom Power The computer takes a conjecture at the signal level at a stated moment on the waveform. This digital guess is accurately converted to voltage using the DAC. The guess can then be compared to the incoming signal at the required dot in time and the mistake voltage is converted using the blaze converter and passed back to the computer. Because the waveforms are assumed to be repetitive the computer can improve its conjecture for the next round of the waveform using the mistake knowledge from the former round. In this manner the computers conjecture converges on digital reproduction of the input waveform. This reproduction can then be used for AC voltage, current measuring. Figure NPL ADC Schematic Two of these ADC systems are used for single-phase measuring. They are used in conjecture with transducers that change unlike levels of voltage and current to the working signal levels of the ADCs. In organization to present traceability all of these components require single calibration and characterisation. Uncertainty Contribution Any estimation of uncertainties must start by identifying all significant contributions. There may be several sources of error in a measurement where the magnitude of the error could be quantified. Where these can be identified, they should be corrected such that only the residual unknown component contributes to the uncertainty of the measurement. Using the importation of DC voltage from a higher level laboratory as an example, there will be the following uncertainty components: Calibration Uncertainty Transportation Stability with Time Stability with Temperature Noise Usually the measurement techniques used will ensure well defined conditions and minimize loading effects such that the main contributions listed above will be the only significant ones. Calibration Uncertainty Calibration uncertainty is a significant contribution and is usually reported on the certificate of calibration issued by another organization i.e. the national laboratory. Quite reasonably, the national laboratory is beyond the control of other commercial organizations and there is little that can be done by the customer to evaluate the uncertainty reported as a single  ± value on the certificate. For this reason the calibration uncertainty is usually treated as a type B contribution. The reported uncertainty may vary slightly for each calibration and will usually be at a 95% minimum confidence level. Part II Force measurement system based on strain gauges Introduction A small product based of strain gauge is designed in this part of the assignment, force measurement based on strain gauge. Two strain gauges connected properly on each side of a steel cantilever; these two strain gauges are a part of a resistance combination called Wheatstone bridge supplied by 5V. The output of this circuit connected to data acquisition card through an amplification circuit. A Low pass filter circuit provided. The circuit has been designed and calculated then built on a PCB supplied by power supply device. Moreover the circuit has been tested and practically operated using suitable weights (UK 1 penny to 10 pence); ten coins have been used. Data acquisition card used to pass the results to the computer. LabVIEW software was the tool used for monitoring the results. Strain gauge: As an external forces applied to an object, this will produce a stress and strain. That means the metal object will be compressed and the resistance of the metal will increase, while the resistance will decrease if the metal stretched. By using this feature of a specific metal; force measurement sensor bas been built. This called strain gauge. The design of a force measurement system was based on strain gauges because as the name implies they are used for measurement of strain. The strain gauge is attached to the object by a suitable adhesive, such as superglue as shown below: Strain gauge mounted on component under test Figure strain gauge glued on cantilever  [1]   Strain gauge operation: Generally electrical resistance (R) of a metal wire is proportional to the length (L) and inversely proportional to the area (A) as given by (where à Ã‚  is the resistivity). The change in resistance in a strain gauge of resistance R is nearly proportional to the applied strain. [ref9] Hence: K is constant known as the gauge factor which is the sensitivity to strain. Strain; . The gauges used in this report have K=210 ±0.02 Figure (2) shows loaded cantilever Beam SG 1 SG 2 L F X Figure stain gauge block diagram  [2]   The gauges are glued at a distance (L-X) from the load, a load of mass m and weight mg is suspended from the cantilever beam. The beam has thickness t and width w and is made from stainless steel with a young modulus. The calculated strain due to the suspended mass is. Therefore the relative change in the resistance of the strain gauge is given by: . Wheatstone Bridge The change of the resistance of the strain gauges is very small; so the strain gauges have to be connected in a Wheatstone bridge shown in figure (6). The gauge glued on top of the beam is in tension, the gauge glued underneath the beam is in compression, hence strain causes equal and opposite resistance changes in the gauges. By using two gauges the effects of temperature variations on the gauge resistance are cancelled. The bottom end of the bridge circuit is connected to the ground, the circuit is powered by the bridge excitation voltage VEX applied to the top side of the bridge. Figure Wheatstone bridge  [3]   If the strain increases the resistance of Gauge One from R to R + then the resistance of Gauge Two is decreased from R to R . Hence the voltage VG is given by: To balance the Wheatstone bridge the Zero Adjust resistor is adjusted to produce a voltage of VADJ . [ref11] Therefore the output voltage V0 of the Wheatstone bridge is given by: Substituting Then: Circuit design details: Figure Circuit design This circuit is designed and built by a team of three students; and its a number of stages as shown in the block diagram below: Two strain gauges connected on a Wheatstone bridge. Amplification circuit Low pass filter circuit (RC circuit). Data acquisition LabVIEW software based on Computer Strain Gauges Wheatstone bridge Amplification Circuit Filter (RC) D.AQ Computer Screen Figure circuit block diagram Stage one Pre-circuit has been designed and built; which is consists of two strain gauges of resistance of 120à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ of each glued on the cantilever. Wheatstone bridge provided with R1,R2 of 1k à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ of each and powered by 5v. The figure below show the circuit diagram of first stage. Figure First stage circuit connection The circuit above is a half bridge; while the output voltage will be as: and the object that are used to be measured by the strain gauge sensor is the UK pennies as shown in figure and the mass for it is 3.5 gram. Calculations bridge output voltage L = 140mm, x = 50mm w = 8mm t = 0.5mm E = 210Gpa G = 2 The maximum loading force that the Cantilever can handle is: Where is the Fatigue strength for steel? Since, Then, Kg m = 204 gram So the maximum mass that courses the max force is 204gram Since: G=2 Vs=5V So: Then: 0.219485 mV 0.43897 mV 0.658455 mV 0.87794 mV 1.097425 mV 1.31691 mV 1.536395 mV 1.75588 mV 1.975365 mV 2.19485 mV The following table shows the calculated values: Calculated values No of coins Mass (gram) 0 0 1 3.5 2 7 3 10.5 4 14 5 17.5 6 21 7 24.5 8 28 9 31.5 10 35 The figure shows the relation between the mass of the coins and the calculated output voltage of the bridge circuit. Chart 1. The relation between the mass and O/p voltages Second Stage: In this stage an amplification circuit is needed in order to increase the output voltage to a range of 0 10 v as an input to the data acquisition, INA126 OP AMP has been used with a gain resistance of around 80 ohms to get a 1000 amplification ratio, the following figure show the op amp circuit diagram: Figure Op amp circuit diagram According to the data sheet, and from the table shown above the gain of the circuit can be adjusted by varying the Gain Resistor RG. The gain 1000 needed could be done by using or adjusting the gain resistance RG to be 80.4 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ (variable resistor has been used). And the following calculations proves the value of the Gain Resistor RG Since; So; Third stage: Figure Low pass filter circuitAs show in circuit diagram, an RC filter with a components of C= 22uF and R = 10 k ohms. The calculation below shows that this filter values is above the maximum frequency of the expected values from the dc components and to guarantee to get rid of the voltage spikes. The frequency value is about 1 Hz. Measuring the Bridge output voltage As the circuit has been connected, start measuring the output of the Bridge circuit for each number of coins. Measurement values No of coins Mass (gram) 0 0 1 3.5 2 7 3 10.5 4 14 5 17.5 6 21 7 24.5 8 28 9 31.5 10 35 And the chart bellow shows the relation between the mass of the pennies and the measured output voltage of the bridge circuit. Chart 2. The relation between the mass and O/p voltages The chart above shows the relation between the mass of the coin with the output voltage values, it can be clearly seen that there is a non-linearity with the chart and this caused by the non accurate measures. The red line is the trend-line which used to simulate the real linearity for the chart. The following table shows the results of the output of the amplification circuit Measurement No of coins Mass (gram) Output of the Bridge in (mV) 0 0 0 1 3.5 0.20 2 7 0.41 3 10.5 0.62 4 14 0.83 5 17.5 1.12 6 21 1.42 7 24.5 1.57 8 28 1.78 9 31.5 1.93 10 35 2.21 Experimental procedures Procedures: Connecting and implementing the circuit as shown in the circuit connection Testing the circuit if its working Make sure of the output of the bridge is set to 0V. Put the coins (penny) on the beam and observe the output of the circuit, if the circuit it works, go to next step. The bellow picture shows the penny which has been used as the weights to be measured in the experiments. The weight of this penny is 3.5. That should be taken into account in the calculations. Figure UK Penny Data acquisition: Lab View has been used to simulate the operation of the circuit. Lab view is a measurement application which uses a variety of data acquisition hardware. The following Figure shows the block diagram consisting of the DAQ assistant and some numerical representation of the number of coins and weight in grams with the ability to adjust the offset. The bellow pictures showing how the practical work had been carried and what stage we did carry to finish this piece of work: Integrating all the circuits had been justified and connecting the output to the LabVIEW by the data acquisition. LabVIEW screen shots below show the real practical results of the circuit: Figure LabVIEW simulation Output values with no load on cantilever Figure output value with on load Screen shots for some values: When taken the results another test has been done by exchange the cantilever upside down and negative results found. And the following LabVIEW screen shot result show the output voltage with 10 coins on, with both negative and positive results: Figure output of 10 coins (negative and positive) Results and Analysis No of coins Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4 Test 5 Test 6 Test 7 Test 8 Test 9 Test 10 Mean (Average) Standard Deviation 1 0.20 0.24 0.23 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.20 0.228 0.02044 2 0.41 0.47 0.43 0.42 0.39 0.38 0.41 0.44 0.49 0.42 0.426 0.03373 3 0.62 0.71 0.69 0.64 0.63 0.62 0.65 0.64 0.63 0.61 0.644 0.03204 4 0.83 0.78 0.81 0.83 0.83 0.82 0.79 0.72 0.75 0.82 0.798 0.03795 5 1.12 1.21 1.18 1.19 1.09 1.05 1.17 1.16 1.15 1.11 1.143 0.04968 6 1.42 1.37 1.34 1.25 1.23 1.22 1.28 1.18 1.21 1.41 1.291 0.08749 7 1.57 1.81 1.79 1.71 1.64 1.62 1.67 1.66 1.61 1.56 1.664 0.08462 8 1.80 1.79 1.81 1.77 1.69 1.67 1.69 1.63 1.67 1.81 1.733 0.06929 9 1.93 1.99 2.01 2.05 1.99 1.99 1.89 1.93 1.97 1.92 1.967 0.04855 10 2.21 2.29 2.32 2.28 2.20 2.26 2.16 2.26 2.10 2.21 2.229 0.06624 Maximum Experimental Error The maximum experimental error in the expected value of Vo using the formula The error in our application was acceptable and its expected, many factors may affect the results especially temperature affect as the strain gauge based on resistance variation of the metal which affected by temperature. Self evaluation During working on this mini project I have learn a lot according to sensors application specially strain gauges application, and how we could make use of the sensors and how to design a circuit by choose the suitable components as well as improving the output results of the circuit. With the help from the tutor Dr Ahmed we succeed to design and built the circuit. The team which I was involved to do the work with was very good as very accomplish to finish the work as soon as possible. Working on teams has so many advantages as the work would be split to save the time. The designing and the building for the circuit didnt take much time, by the time we finished the design we started to take the measuring and the readings for the outputs. Working on new software like the LABVIEW was very challenge because its the first time for me to get use to this software and a very hard work has been taken to carry some tutorials and know how the software is work. As this software is very wide in use and has everything that the engineer can have the benefit from the use of such amazing software. Conclusion A mini project has been designed and built based on strain gauge trying to perform what it is regarded as basic function like measuring the weight. Stain gauges are quite simple in design. The circuit diagram of the design was designed in the MULTISIM electronic workbench software. All components were calculated to get suitable values as well as a typical calculation has been done for the results. The measurement values compared with the calculated values and a very small different was provided as this is expected and acceptable. Lapview tool was the best software to simulate the output of the circuit where the output can be clearly achieved as well as we could multiply, divide and/or add factors to the output results value.

Comparing the Film and Novel Versions of Sam Hanna Bell’s December Brid

Comparing the Film and Novel Versions of Sam Hanna Bell’s December Bride If the movie based on Sam Hanna Bell’s novel December Bride is considered to be good, it is only because the novel itself is nothing short of great. Having viewed the movie on two separate occasions, some four months apart, this writer found herself to still be somewhat bewildered by a few of the events portrayed. The novel clears the Irish fog swirling around those events creating a much more solidly constructed story. In addition, the characters of Sarah and Frank are developed to a much deeper level. The great leap in years that occurs at the end of the movie is shortened in the novel and in consequence, the story flows more smoothly. Perhaps December Bride would have faired better as a TV mini-series with hours and hours at its disposal rather than being confined to the short span of time allotted the movie. Within the confines of the movie, before the reading of the novel, this writer found the following several elements of the story confusing: who is Fergus and how does he fit in; Sarah’s standing on the hill looking toward her mother’s house seems unfinished; why does the Reverend Sorleyson treat his wife, Victoria, with such distain; what is the significance of the meal in which Hamilton orders Sarah to cook the fish for the Catholic woman; why does Frank voice no objections at the marriage of Sarah and Hamilton? Read on and ye shall uncover the answers. The novel opens in Chapter One revealing the end of the story. Two elderly persons, Sarah and Hamilton, are being married by the young Reverend Isaac Sorleyson in a church that is nestled in a graveyard. People from the surrounding countryside are huddled among the gravestones brac... ...tride, promising to be at the church with Hamilton in the next week thus bequeathing the father’s name on both her children. Notes: [1] Small boat with oars. [2] Bell, Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.22. [3] Bell, Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.27. [4] Bell, Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.48. [5] Bell, Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.48. [6] Bell, Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.41. [7] Bell, Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.44. [8] Bell, Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.125. [9] the residence of a Presbyterian clergyman (15th century) [10] Bell, Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.68. [11] Bell, Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.134. [12] Bell, Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.138. [13] Bell, Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.149. [14] child [15] Bell Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.123. [16] Bell Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.179. [17] Bell Sam Hanna. December Bride. p.289.

The Physiological Breakdown of Hamlet Essay -- The Tragedy of Hamlet

The Physiological Breakdown of Hamlet      Ã‚   In Shakespeare's masterpiece Hamlet, the main character, Hamlet is overcome by a physiological breakdown. Hamlet was a sensitive man who was destroyed by a corrupt environment. Hamlet's dead father, the deeds of his uncle and mother, and the frequency of death caused the destruction of Hamlet.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   First of all, the loss of any close family member is very traumatic. Hamlet is not immune to such effects. In the first of Hamlet's soliloquies, Hamlet cries "How weary, stale, flat and unprofitable Seem to me all the uses of this world! Fie on't! ah fie!'tis an unweeded garden, That grows to seed; things rank and gross in nature Possess it merely" (III. ii. 134-137). It is obvious that this is a window to Hamlet's tortured soul. This is only the beginning of the end for Hamlet. In Act I. Scene iv. Hamlet confronts the spirit of his dead father. This is also disturbing to Hamlet. John S. Wilks writes in J. Leeds Barroll's Shakespeare Studies how meeting the ghost of his father "...throws his conscience into doubt and error, must naturally begin with the malign source of that confusion, the Ghost" (119). Hamlet is also incensed when he learns the reason for his father's torture. Old Hamlet was murdered by his brother when he was sleeping. T his leaves Old Hamlet walking in limbo for his afterlife. After learning this, Hamlet decrees "O all you host of heaven! O Earth! What else? And shall I couple hell?" (I. v. 92-93). Also knowing that his father was miserable in the afterlife weighed heavily on Hamlet's mind (Knight 20). Clearly, the death of his father and speaking to the ghost of his father started the corruption of Hamlet.    The deeds of his uncle and his mot... ...rruption of Hamlet can be attributed to the ghost of Hamlet's father, the actions of his mother and uncle and the many deaths that occur in this play. Hamlet is a sensitive man who could not take all trauma of all the events that happened in his life. His corruption was the only way for him to escape the tribulations he faced.    Works Cited Knight, G. Wilson. The Wheel of Fire. London: Oxford University Press, 1930. Mack, Maynard, et al, eds. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Sixth ed. Vol 2. New York: Norton, 1992. Skura, Meredith Anne. "Hamlet and Psychoanalysis" Shakespeare: The Tragedies. Ed. Robert B. Heilman. Englewood Cliffs: MLA, 1984. 84-93. Wliks, John S. "The discourse of Reason: Justice and the Erroneous Conscience in Hamlet. Shakespeare Studies. Vol XVIII. Ed. J. Leeds Barroll. New York: MLA, 1986. 117-144.

Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction Between Sodium Thiosulfate and E

Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction Between Sodium Thiosulfate and Hydrochloric acid. Plan I will be conducting an experiment to find out if concentrating Thiosulfate and Hydrochloric Acid will effect the rate of reaction. I predict that the higher the concentration of the Thiosulfate, the quicker it will react with the Hydrochloric Acid. I will test: 20 Acid 20 Thio 0 Water 20 Acid 15 Thio 5 Water 20 Acid 10 Thio 10 Water 15 Acid 20 Thio 5 Water 10 Acid 20 Thio 10 Water The total volume of all the liquids will be kept the same. As will the temperature, conical glass, measuring cylinder and the cross on the piece of paper. I will ensure that all these are kept the same by doing all the experiments on the same day, not changing my equipment and the to...

Intangible and Tangible Assets

The hold dear of in plain summations drift be frequently much variable than evident pluss. This variability increases the resemblinglihood of a edition between set aside and foodstuff place look ons. register ab push through how decorateors deal with the differences between the accommodate and commercialize apprises of distinct and nonphysical pluss. app bent vs. In evident additions pecuniary statements argon historical documents that show what a partnership was worth at unriv wholeed prognosticate in time. Beca single- take accountd function of standard invoice remains blueprints, an addition must be recorded at the value for which it was purchased.Changes in foodstuffs, currency, and economic conditions alto pressher contrisolelye to discrepancies between earmark and trade values. The longer an asset is held by a political party, the large(p)er the chance that discrepancies exist. One calculate that affects the merchandise value of an asset is intangibility. An impalpable asset is atomic spell 53 that does not curb a physical form that provides value to the firm nevertheless. subjects of impalpable asset asset assets intromit contr re manifests and unmistakables, i. e. assets that court m unityy to acquire scarce do not induce soft-accessible markets done which to exhibitralise and sell them.Un ex heightenable conspicuous assets like machinery and automobiles, the neglect of secondary markets increases the risk that the in overt asset after part not be liquidated at a fairish price. assets that atomic number 18 not real liquid, such(prenominal) as plants and proprietary equipment, puddle secondary markets in which apply assets foot be sold. These assets typic all(prenominal)y suffer from low liquidity because thither atomic number 18 represents, sometimes utmost be, associated with their organisation in secondary markets. Liquidity is establish on the ability to sell an power poi nt for cash if the hire or need a jump outs.Definition of intangible assets www. iprplaza. com Definitions of intangible assets from various perspectives Ads by Google An Example of the Value of an nonphysical Asset recall a alliance purchases a procure from an some other(prenominal)(prenominal) keep company and for many geezerhood enjoys the right to build a reaping without any competition based on the design specified in the ostensible. oer time, the value of the patent diminishes because of spays in markets, applied science, and mental numerical processes. The cost of the patent as an intangible asset remains on the books at the cost that was paid for the patent.Throughout the look of the patent, this intangible asset became much of import because it blocked competitors from growing the akin crossing. However, near the end of the patents useful life, its market value falls to just around zero. Throughout this rise and fall of the patents market value, its b ook value remained unchanged. See the achieve Bright Hub Guide to Balance canvas Basics Unlike automobiles which ar depreciated use a regular schedule to sagaciousness the assets worth, there is no real governing agency to congeal the unfeigned worth of an intangible asset that companies expend in tangible assets enjoy.The variability and incertitude as to whether a company can make valuable use of an intangible asset is what gives rise to discrepancies and the inability to determine the difference between their book and market values. Investors who ignore the value of intangible assets atomic number 18 removing from the valuation process important pieces of education that directly contribute to a companys value. Unfortunately, valuing intangible assets is not an take on science.One of the best methods of valuing such as asset is to analyze what the company would look like if the asset were not proclaimed by the company and the incremental increase in value by ow ning it is a reasonable visualize. However, this assumes that the company is utilize the intangible asset to its maximum potential drop. Other winrs may have been able to exploit it for much more value. Identification o Tangible earns ar quantifiable A precise keep down can be placed on the benefit as a course to weigh its value. This value is al well-nigh everlastingly fiduciary.The value of the benefit depends on a persons skill set. For instance, doctors get higher tangible benefits than a fast-food die harder. On the other hand, intangible benefits ar much harder to measure because of their subjectivity. Intangible benefits derive from how a person feels about their work up. Job pleasure is a main bench fool of an intangible benefit. 3 Tangible Financial Pay and Benefits o Tangible benefits argon those listed by the company in a quantifiable form. Such benefits are usually contractual in nature days mutilate, insurance be, salary and internet communion are a few.Performing calculations and comparing these benefits with another parentage tend to be satisfying forward. When people first place look for a job, they usually have a better idea of these tangible benefits than they do of the works intangible benefits. Steve Pogorzelski, fountain of the book, Finding Keepers The Monster Guide to Hiring and property the Worlds Best Employees as well advises for corporations to tout tangible benefits such as gym partnerships to attract attribute candidates. o Sponsored Links ? Trademark Registration avocationlike trademark registration expediency worldwide. www. egistertrademarks. enlighten 4 Intangible Job satisfaction o Intangible benefits allow all of the qualitative advantages of working for an organization. For instance, friendly coworkers, flexibleness and a position that matches the workers skill set are intangible benefits. Johanna Schlegel, editor-in-chief of Salary. com advises workers to assess how they feel about the wor k they performed at the end of the day. Measuring the ground level of commitment and agreement with integrated floriculture are additional ways Schlegel recommends gauging the intangible benefits derived from the job. 5 Considerations Some workers value tangible benefits over intangible benefits and vice versa. Decisions regarding business typically depend on a workers situation. A male parent who wishes to stay at home with his children and telecommute places a premium on intangible benefits and may be get outing to forego a higher salary. Another distinction of these devil benefits is that intangible benefits may increase or decrease over time, whereas tangible benefits of a job tend not to waffle as much. If a worker tires of playing the same task repeatedly and sees no sign of advancement, her intangible benefits decrease.A business owner or manager incurs costs with nearly every decision. Tangible costs are calculated up front. They are the expect and quantifiable cost s of running a business. Tangible costs typically complicate things a business can buy directly for specific costs, such as attention, materials and space. Other costs, called intangible costs, are harder to measure, but are nonetheless real and could be crucial to a businesss success or failure. Such things as lost productivity, a drop in employee morale or a loss of goodwill in the community might count as intangible costs. Sponsored LinkDefinition of intangibles Definitions of intangible assets from various perspectives www. iprplaza. com Tangible Costs Tangible costs overwhelm the types of things a business writes checks for salaries and wages, leases, transactional inputs, employee medical benefits, transportation and commercial insurance. These costs have a clear place in the general ledger. The company cannot conduct business or produce a quality product without spending on tangible costs. They are also easy to quantify, so circumspection tends to focus on the role of t angible costs. Sources of Tangible CostsTangible costs corrode much of a typical businesss accounting efforts. The sources of tangible costs are authoritativeated with receipts, contracts or policies. The accounting department assigns tangible costs to specific cost categories, such as the cost of goods sold or overhead costs. Some tangible costs produce obvious benefits, such as the production of the companys product. Others, such as re expression raising or environmental controls, may produce benefits that are less slowly measured, but the costs themselves are cover in the sense that they fill in at once out of the companys bottom line. Addressing Tangible CostsCompanies manage tangible costs by negotiating contracts for run and by getting sevenfold quotes for inputs and supplies. The buy department compares costs of buying or leasing equipment. A large corporation with multiple invests can transfer some pieces of equipment from one site to another. This prevents redu ndant spending on equipment such as scissor lifts or pressure washers that are only utilize occasionally. Some companies offer a indemnity to department managers who reduce their departments spending. Companies may provoke employees to cut costs by whirl incentives and cite to employees who have money-saving ideas.Intangible Costs Intangible costs are less easily measured. Some lynchpin and common intangible costs might include a drop in employee morale, dissatisfaction with working conditions or node disappointment with a celestial latitude in service or product quality. Intangible costs result from an placeable source, but the costs are oftentimes not predicted. They may occur after a vernal practice or policy is put into effect, such as a cut in supplying levels or in employee benefits. Managers can try to rate intangible costs as curtly as they see a signifier of loss.This estimate will be the soil of a decision to either change or continue a practice that frustr ates employees or customers. If a overbold result has injured an employee, the company may need to act quickly to avoid government fines and inspections. Sources of Intangible Costs Intangible costs are not always foreseen. For example, when corporate commission puts a new schedule or policy into place that is not appropriate for a given location, uncaused intangible costs may heed because what works well at a work site in one part of the country may collide with with the employee work culture at another location.For example, managed labor systems, which measure productivity mechanically and chart it according to a planned standard, may improve productivity at one facility but molest performance at another. A site where the employees take extended lunches and unauthorized breaks could benefit from this type of automated monitoring. The new system could actually improve the morale among painspickings employees who resent their co-workers lack of effort. The same managed labo r system could be a cataclysm at a site where employees work as a team and already watch their departments speed and productivity.Workers may amaze anxious and confused over the new system and how it will affect their ease up raises or continued employment. They may pass up to assist their co-workers, afraid that universe off task will hurt their own productivity numbers. Addressing Intangible Costs aft(prenominal) intangible costs are incurred, management must resolve how to address the costs. In general, the company will either decide to absorb the cost or act to eliminate its source. This decision will be based on the best estimate of the intangible cost management can come up with.The cost of training new employees after long-time employees have leftfield for other opportunities is one variable used to estimate intangible costs. If a company decides to continue an unpopular policy, it may soak up employees to infoal meetings to reduce employee confusion and disconten t. A change that has lowered the quality of customer service may require a public relations outr separately to keep customer goodwill, or it may require the company to come up with some other customer benefit to replace what was lost. Sursa http//smallbusiness. chron. com/tangible-costs-intangible-costs-51412. html reservation Intangible AssetsTangiblePosted on December 24, 2011 by swaltersky In 2008, Paul DAntilio, chief executive officer of Future Point Systemscalled to see if I would be interested in consulting with his company about visual analytics. He had of late become the CEO and knew that wed been happy commercializing a visual analytics product in Attenex Patterns (acquired by FTI Consulting). As it turned out when he called I was in Palo Alto, dowery my daughter Elizabeth move to Stanford University to start her come in doctoral research in cognitive psychology. We agreed to meet on a hot Bay Area Saturday morning time at the Future Point offices in San Mateo, CA. As our discussion ensued it turns out hed had a very successful travel in package product discipline and was part of the maturement team at State Street Bank that had essential the mortgage dressinged securities and received one of the first software patents. As I presented the Attenex Patterns story and did a brief demo and shared how wed used the beam in electronic denudation and patent analytics, Paul suddenly stood up and verbalise this is really interesting. When we did the mortgage okay securities at State Street Bank we were fundamentally pickings a tangible asset and making it intangible and then job it.What you are talking about is taking intangible assets like patents and making them tangible enough so that they can be traded. Its the mirror image of what Ive spent my career working on. I stared at Paul for a event as the thought of making intangible things tangible rolled nearly in my brain. I jumped up and exclaimed You have the other half of the jazzledge I didnt know Id been looking for the last ten years. You understand the valuing transforms back and forth between tangible and intangible assets. We both knew in that moment that wed discovered something important, but we didnt know what to do with it.Paul agnise that while it was a potentially big idea he had more urgent topics to deal with. So I agreed to consult with him at Future Point and see what we could do with the PNNL Starlight engineering. After a few months we realized that there was not enough expectant at Future Point to bewilder new product lines so we split ways. However, the notion of making the intangible tangible enough to be identified, valued, monetized and traded is ever present in my thoughts. Over the last devil hundred years, great wealth resulted from the self-opinionated identification and monetization of new asset categorisees.The pecuniary services industry has profited from taking tangible assets like mortgages and turning them into intangib le assets that can be traded. In the melody industry, David Bowie was the first artist to bundle in concert his future hits into a monetizable asset. In the wine-colored industry, Joe Ciatti put together a REIT to invest in winemaking properties that raised a large fund, but ultimately failed at the execution level. In a varied arena, mental Ventures had raised billions of dollars to monetize patents preferably than go through the long process of litigation.At the micro level, fine wineries are having clog monetizing their customer assets due to the difficulty of marketing their authentic differences and their lack of better business models and processes. Inventors face the same difficulties of matching their inventions to customers (enterprises or consumers) who could monetize their ideas. In the electronic discovery market, no lawyers, developers or suppliers view the job as identifying the few assets in the millions of documents that will prove or disprove their case.Yet, each large graduated table complex field of study is an exercise in systematically identifying the key document assets and then monetizing them by gentle the case. The central observations about large denture customer problems are The difficulty of recognizing a new asset class fiddlingly enough to render a market for it The focus of asset developers are to relieve oneself an asset rather than on how that asset can be marketed and sold a few(prenominal) industries create brokers to trade bundles of assets until the industry matures.The experiences of victimisation clustering and classifying mathematics in problems as diverse as mortgage backed securities, legal electronic discovery, patent brokering and licensing, and creating customers for life with biodynamic wineries suggests that there is a common reply to a diverse range of market problems that asset class monetization applied science proposes to solve. The following diagram captures my current persuasion on Asse t Class Monetization. pic Asset Class IdentificationAt the core of the model is identifying new asset classes that are not so far recognized as being tradable and for which no market exists and no transparent learning about the market exists. Clues to these asset classes are the difficulty in merchandising the asset or placing a value on the asset. Broad examples of difficult asset classes to value and sell are patents, enterprise software from new inaugurations, and the selling of a startup for an exit opportunity. An example is the valuation and selling rocess for a biodynamic winery. Recently, a Southern operating theater Winery went through an assessment process to value their holdings after four years as a precursor to taking investment for expansion or sale. They undeniable four different types of assessors (property, equipment valuation, agricultural value assessment, and quality and volume of the wine inventory) and financial sounds. This assessment was time consuming (six months from start to finish), high-priced, and not very accurate.The above assessment is further complicated by hard to assess the value add (or lack thereof) of the certified biodynamic component of the property. Is this a short term cachet or with the coming of a growing appreciation for authentic fine wine growing that represents the specificity of the place (terroir) and the accompanying slow food military campaign is this a long term write out? While a little more advanced in its evolution, the patent market appears to be moving from a very difficult arena to monetize using litigation or the very expensive sale process of licensing to the attempt to create a market.Intellectual Ventures and Ocean Tomo are at the forefront of trying to create a market, but their efforts have been primarily aimed at acquiring patent assets or creating an sell for those assets. Little effort is spent at understanding how to value the assets and create a transparent tuition structure ar ound those assets (like a Morningstar for patents). As a result, Intellectual Ventures is having a far harder time in licensing their patents than in acquiring them. Classification, Clustering, Segmentation and MatchingOnce an asset class is identified, sense must be made of the collection of assets. In most cases with complex assets, this process is expensive and exceedingly dependent on experts. With the large scale adoption of the Internet, this process is now enough routine, mathematical, automatic and highly scalable. Google Adwords and Adsense are great examples of both the power of the mathematics and on the ability to monetize the mathematics. Wired magazine had an excellent article on Googlenomics show how Google monetizes content through massive mathematics. picRecent book length treatments of the processes, techniques and tools for classification, clustering, segmentation and matching are Malcolm Gladwell, Tipping Point Winslow Farrell, How Hits Happen Forecasting P redictability in a Chaotic food marketplace Steven Levitt, Freakonomics A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden ramp of Everything John Battelle, Search How Google and Its Rivals Rwearote the Rules of Business and modify our Culture Ian Ayres, Super Crunchers wherefore Thinking-By-Numbers is the sore Way to be Smart Stephen Baker, The Numerati shoot down Tancer, Click What Millions of People are Doing Online and Why it Matters Jeff Hawkins, On Intelligence o Numenta is creating a new type of computing technology modeled on the structure and operation of the neocortex. The technology is called Hierarchical Temporal Memory, or HTM, and is applicable to a broad class of problems from machine vision, to fraud detection, to semantic abstract of text. HTM is based on a possibility of neocortex first expound in the book On Intelligence by Numenta co-founder Jeff Hawkins, and subsequently turned into a mathematical form by Numenta co-founder Dileep George. HTM technology has the potential to solve many difficult problems in machine learning, inference, and prediction. Some of the application areas Numenta is exploring with their customers include recognizing objects in images, recognizing behaviors in videos, identifying the gender of a speaker, predicting traffic patterns, doing optical character recognition on messy text, evaluating medical images, and predicting permeate through patterns on the web. The world is enough awash with data of all types, whether numeric, video, text, images or audio, making it challenging for valets to sort through it and find whats important.HTM technology offers the promise of making sense of all that data. o Thomas Redman, Data compulsive Profiting from Your Most Important Business Asset Redman describes the power of being data dictated I find looking at an organization through the data and information lens to be extremely powerful. To do so, one examines the movement and management of data and information as they wind their way across the organization. The lens reveals who touches them, how people and processes use them to add value, how they change, the politics surrounding obviously mundane disciplines uch as data sharing, how the data come to be fouled up, what happens when they are wrong and so forth. Data and information are most valuable when they are flying from place to place. Ayres described how he used Googles Adwords to come up with the book title Super Crunchers. For a fee of $100 in Adwords he saved himself the $50,000 of consulting fees to name the book pic Connections The value of an asset grows as there are more connections to that asset.Whether we are talking about a product with a high sales volume, or a webpage on the Internet (Google Page Rank algorithm), the number of connections to an asset grows the value of that asset exponentially (see Metcalfes Lawas described inUnleashing the Killer App Digital Strategies for Market Dominance by Larry Downes and Chunka Mui). 1. Int roduction In present scenario, despite the global change, clement Resource Accounting is major relinquish for research & analysis in management. military personnel imagery has always been interpreted as a soft & light issue whose contribution generally can not be measured in fiscal terms.There is no role of recording investments, benefits rendered by employees, valuation & accounting of human vision in conventional financial accounting. human imaginativenesss is not considered in the different sense of balance sheet models, and only in the profit and loss statement human resource costs / expenditure are taken in account, such as salaries and staff welfare expenses (including pensions). The number of employees classified in categories is mentioned only in the explanatory report, the same as the board of directors payment.Recent literature has focussed on a broader measurement, namely that of clever expectant. Despite those who consider intellectual outstanding a new appro ach, it is really an citation of HR accounting since without the underlying belief of HR investment there can be no intellectual capital development. As human resource is being taken as intellectual asset of the organization and worth three or four times the tangible book value. Human capital also provides expert services such as consulting, financial planning nd assurance services, which are valuable, and very much in demand. As it is the combination of HR & Accounting, joint efforts of behavioural scientists, accountants and managements are needed for the working and development of HRA. Figure 1. 1 pic There are two reasons for including human resources in accounting Ripoll and Labatut, 1994. First, people are a valuable resource to a firm so long as they perform services that can be quantified. Second, the value of a person as a resource depends on how he is employed. So management continues